Catastrophe and Casualties: The History of Earthquake in Darjeeling Himalaya (1835-1947)

Abstract

The geological history of the Himalayan ranges as well as the alluvial plains of Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra and tributary rivers shaped by the ever-active tectonic forces in the converging boundary of the Indian plate and Eurasian plate. The region of Darjeeling Himalaya is porn to recurring geological hazards like earthquakes, landslides and floods. The great ranges of the Himalayas have an abiding impact on the adjoining eight countries as they control the atmospheric circulation of air, drainage systems and distribution of precipitation in the foothills. The harsh climatic factors and the natural calamities, sometimes badly affected the lives of the people living in the remote areas of the mountains. The catastrophes have a huge psychological impact on the masses and for a long time generation, after generation, the stories of the catastrophe remained in the memories of the masses. But through their usual patience and calmness, they adjusted to the situation and sometimes they forgot the agony of the calamity and reestablished the cities, towns and villages. The article focuses on the history of the earthquake in Darjeeling Himalaya to understand the nature of the destruction held in the last two centuries on the hill slopes.